An Introduction to the 24 Solar Terms & 22nd November: Contemplations on the Solar Term ‘Minor Snow’

The 24 Solar Terms, or Jieqi, form a traditional Chinese system that divides the solar year into 24 intervals of roughly two weeks each. Originating with ancient farmers, this system is grounded in careful observation of the sun’s path, seasonal changes, temperature variations, precipitation, and other natural phenomena. Its roots extend to the Shang Dynasty (17^th century BC – 1046 BC), with several terms already recorded during the Spring and Autumn Period (770–476 BC) and refined further through the Western Han Dynasty (206 BC–24 AD). Each term reflects shifts in climate, ecological patterns, and agricultural activity, providing guidance for sowing, harvesting, and daily life, while also shaping cultural practices such as festivals, seasonal rituals, and ancestor veneration.

Complementing this framework is San Hou, or the “three climatic phases,” which subdivides each solar term into three periods of roughly five days. This results in 72 micro-seasons, usually five days long (sometimes six). These micro-seasons capture subtle transitions in weather and natural life, from the first stirrings of insects to the appearance of blooms or the ripening of crops. Within each set of three, a natural progression occurs: the first phase marks the beginning, the second reaches its peak, and the third brings a conclusion. Often, the final phase also serves as the starting point for the next cycle, creating a continuous rhythm of growth, transformation, and renewal throughout the solar year.

In the first century BCE, Meng Xi associated these 72 micro-seasons with hexagrams¹. In my master’s thesis (1990), I created an illustration of this and noted that, when the time was right, I would like to explore it more deeply. Over the past few years, I have returned to this work, and in recent months I have decided to humbly add something of my own.

Each period now has a short text designed for reflection, for attuning, for carrying with you. It is a brief passage for contemplation, paired with a practical exercise. This might take the form of a breathing practice, or an invitation to pause, meditate, or move gently while seated.

These texts are not drawn from classical sources; they emerge from my own understanding of the 72 micro-seasons. I would be very happy if, as you engage with them, you would share your experiences with me. Your reflections and responses would mean a great deal.

The period governed by Tai Yang begins on November 22 with the solar term Minor Snow. Following an introduction to the significance of Tai Yang, a brief chart is provided for reflection and practice during the Minor Snow period, which lasts until December 7.

TAI YANG

Hidden Qi is embodied in Tai Yang, the greater Yang, manifesting as cold that is led by Water

Tai Yang, as Host Qi, governs the solar periods of Minor Snow, Major Snow, Winter Solstice, and Minor Cold. The Qi of winter is inward-moving, securing, and hidden, reflecting Tai Yang’s role as the gate through which Yang is gathered and protected in the deepest layers. During this phase, Qi withdraws into stillness, conserving warmth and safeguarding the body’s essential resources. What is subtle and vital is held and preserved, allowing the first spark of Yang to emerge within the cold and dark in preparation for its eventual reawakening.

Tai Yang also refers to the outermost layer of the body and functions as the first line of defence against external climatic influences, especially wind and cold. In classical theory, it is also associated with the Hidden Qi of winter, the phase in which Qi moves inward to secure and protect the body’s essential resources during cold conditions. Hidden Qi gathers and safeguards Yang, preserving vitality and strength for future activity.

The term Tai Yang means ‘Greater Yang’, indicating the strongest expression of Yang within the system of the six divisions. In cosmological terms, it is linked with the sun, the most Yang of the celestial bodies, mirrored within us as an inner spark of vital Qi, reflecting the Hidden Qi of winter.

It is worth noting that the turning of the wheel of Qi moves inward during autumn and winter, reaching its deepest point at the Winter Solstice. This solstice contains a turning point, from centripetal to centrifugal, shifting direction from inward contraction to outward expansion. Change occurs in this moment of stillness, marking the first reawakening of Yang in the yearly cycle of Qi. The Tai Yang division is associated with the initiation of this return of Yang, emerging in the coldest, darkest hidden time of the year, when new light begins to stir in the depths of winter.

22^nd November: Contemplations on the Solar Term ‘Minor Snow’

An invitation for reflection, attunement and exploration

Light snow drifts through the air, gently softening the world. Temperatures drop, yet life continues beneath the surface. Winter vegetables are harvested, supplies are inspected, and essential preparations are made to maintain resources. During this season, natural processes slow, while hidden structures of life remain active, ensuring continuity and stability through the cold months. Notice the calm and quiet of this time, and observe the measured pace of life, allowing your awareness to settle.